Development of Anorexia and Bulimia Essay - 2665 Words

Development of Anorexia and Bulimia Anorexia and Bulimia are two very complex conditions that have been around for quite a while, however both anorexia and bulimia amongst other eating disorders are becoming more and more prevalent in today’s society. There has been extensive press and media coverage on conditions related to eating disorders. Anorexia and bulimia are two of the most common eating disorders or two of the most prevalent eating disorders around. Conditions relating to eating disorders more than fifty or so years ago were virtually unheard of, this could be due to a number of reasons. The bulimic sufferer will binge grotesque amounts of food, literally assault themselves†¦show more content†¦slim), or a learned responses to physical or emotional pain, or a way to deal with stress. Each possible cause of the disorders is as unique as the disorder itself, each cause is as complex as the disorder is itself and every single individual who suffers from anorexia or bulimia are unique, as pointed out by Sacker and Zimmer (1987) ‘Every single person suffering from bulimia and anorexia nervosa is unique’. Due to the uniqueness and the complexness of each disorder and the difference in each individual’s personality, it is paramount to look deeper in order to devise the best possible treatment for anorexia nervosa and bulimia, as currently most eating disorders are treated in a similar manner. The main question this research proposal aims to answer is, what are the main reasons some people develop anorexia and others develop bulimia? What role personality plays in making individuals more prone to suffering from bulimia instead of anorexia? The aim of the proposed research questions aims to look at and to understand the personality traits of people with anorexia and bulimia. Extensive research has been conducted in the area of personality and eating disorders. As the number of eating disorders rise, more research is needed. ResearchShow MoreRelatedBeauty Only Skin Deep: The Reality of Anorexia and Bulimia 1574 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many forms of eating disorders in the world; however, the two most common disorders are Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Anorexia and Bulimia are found mostly in teens and young adult women (Amjad). Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person will starve them self in order to loose weight. (Amjad) Bulimia Nervosa is another common form of an eating disorder. 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Bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa are both uprising disorders that can be prevented, yet recognizing the different diagnosis criteria, symptoms or warning signs, and treatment options can help someone offer sympathy and support to anyone struggling with either disease. The first difference between the two diseases are their definitions and the criteria that encompasses each in order for a patient to be diagnosed with the illness. Anorexia is characterized by recurrentRead MoreEating Disorders Affecting American Women1082 Words   |  5 Pagescopping mechanism has in part lead to the exploitation of food. Three major eating disorders; Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating Disorder are three of the major diseases that have risen in recent years due to the exploitation of food. While Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating Disorder are all unique in regards to their demons, they share common cultural factors that have lead to their rise in numbers. Anorexia Nervosas, one of the most prevalent eating disorders, has been coined as a â€Å"self starvationRead MoreDifferences and Similarities Between Bulimia and Anorexia Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesDifferences and Similarities Between Bulimia and Anorexia In this essay similarities and the differences between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are considered. Similarities in the explanations of the two eating disorders are discussed through psychodynamic, behavioural, genetic and biochemical explanations. Anorexia nervosa is a complex emotional problem characterized by an obsession with food, weight, and thinness. Victims actually starve themselves, eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating, Bulimia, And Anorexia1215 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many different types of eating disorders such as binge-eating, bulimia, and anorexia. All three eating disorders are very similar, but they are also differ with the issue they cause. 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Glaxo Wellcome Mini Case Free Essays

Glaxo Wellcome Inc. Mini-case Report April 2, 2007 [pic] Executive Summary Glaxo Wellcome Inc’s primary business is to market prescription products to physicians and health care providers. One of the top three pharmaceutical firms in the world, Glaxo Wellcome Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Glaxo Wellcome Mini Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now held about 4 percent of the worldwide prescription pharmaceutical market. The U. K. based company was formed in 1995 when Glaxo Pharmaceuticals acquired Burroughs Wellcome. While the company is based in the U. K. , the U. S. market represented approximately 40 percent of worldwide sales while the U. K. produced about seven percent. As of 1997 Glaxo Wellcome Inc. had 22 local operating companies in nine countries including the U. S. Because of the harsh requirements of the Food and Drug administration (FDA) most products are introduced in one of the other eight countries before seeking U. S. approval. Migraine medicine is a primary growth area for Glaxo. The company was first to manufacture and market triptans, a new class of prescription migraine medicine. Triptans were launched in 1993 and work specifically on the 5HT-1 receptor sites believed to be the primary cause of migraine headaches. Imitrex was the first triptan produced and sold by Glaxo in the U. S. The concern now is how the company should best market the second-generation triptan by the company, Amerge. This will be the first time a pharmaceutical company has two prescription triptans available on the market. Problem Statement and Key Issues Glaxo Wellcome’s U. S. division faces the task of determining a positioning strategy for their new triptan, Amerge, to increase total market share in the currently underdeveloped migraine market. Not only should the marketing decisions combat pressure from competitors with comparable products, but also the pharmaceutical marketers must elevate the importance of the new product’s placement on the formularies of managed care plans. Additionally, the development of a direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising campaign that is informative and persuasive, without offending the medical community, must be included as a part of the positioning strategy. SWOT Anaylsis for Glaxo Wellcome Inc. Strengths: Seen as a reliable prescription drug manufacturer, therefore has a positive reputation †¢ Global company with 4% of the worldwide prescription pharmaceutical market †¢ Company has a strong balance sheet and growth potential †¢ Imitrex dominates the migraine market as the first and only triptan available from 1995-1998 Weaknesses: †¢ Does not have a clear marketing strategy for the triptans †¢ Largely focused on competitor activity instead of growing market shar e †¢ FDA regulations create long approval periods The recent business combination of Glaxo Pharmaceuticals and Burroughs Wellcome in 1995 has created organizational challenges Opportunities: †¢ 90% of the migraine market is underdeveloped †¢ More marketing options include the ability to directly contact consumers as well as doctors and hospitals (in the U. S. division) †¢ Ability to market line extensions for new products such as Amerge †¢ Difficult for new competitors to enter the market because of RD and approval processes Threats: †¢ Non-acceptance as a formulary of managed care plans Competitors’ products, such as Zomig, released before and out-performing Amerge †¢ Changes in healthcare legislation, including Medicaid and Medicare Alternative Courses of Action 1. Replacement Strategy: the U. K. division chose this plan of action, ceasing all promotion of Imigran (U. K. name brand for Imitrex) and positioning Naramig (the U. K. brand name for Amerge) as the recommended drug to start treatment of migraine patients. The replacement strategy results met Glaxo U. K. expectations, but damaged the growth of Imigran and did not prevent Zomig from successfully entering the market. Furthermore, the U. K. market has two major differences from the U. S. market: pharmaceutical companies cannot legally advertise their products to consumers, and the health care system is socialized. The implications of these two differences in terms of positioning strategies are vast. The inability to utilize DTC advertising prevented the U. K. from successfully pursuing alternative positioning strategies, such patient-based segmentation, due to concerns about the physician’s ability to identify such segments and further confusing the prescribing process. Moreover, in a socialized health care system where patients are entitled to free medical care, patients can seek treatment easier and can be less involved in the prescribing process than in an insurance-based system where there is more monetary involvement. Although this strategy might communicate a clear message about the drug’s superiority, it would devalue the brand name built for Imitrex, drastically impacting its potential profitability as well as the ability to continue to recuperate the high investments already sunk into the RD and marketing of Imitrex. . Competition Strategy: since Zomig is expected to be launched prior to the FDA approval of Amerge, Glaxo U. S. can position Amerge directly against Zomig. They can utilize their position as the market leader to leverage Amerge’s positioning as the true second-generation triptan providing the best relief on the market. Glaxo U. S. can back up their claims with the results from the UK where the majority of previous non-triptan users prefer Naramig. Although this strategy could successfully prevent the competition Zeneca from gaining substantial market share through the marketing of a second-generation triptan, it would also devalue the Imitrex brand similar to the replacement strategy. 3. Pricing strategy: one of the weaknesses identified for Imitrex is its relatively high price in comparison to over the counter (OTC) medication, which is further exacerbated by the medication’s high rate of recurrence. Since most patients in the US pay either partially or fully for their medication, Amerge could be positioned as an affordable alternative to Imitrex. Amerge could be priced similar to OTC medications and its lower recurrence rate could be promoted to further emphasize its affordability. A possible downside to this strategy is devaluing the image of Glaxo Wellcome for physicians because of a perceived â€Å"lack of quality† that can accompany low priced products. On the positive side, it could detract from competitor’s noise and would allow Imitrex to continue in its position as the market leader. It could also improve the consumer perception of Glaxo Wellcome as a company that cares for patients that cannot afford expensive medication. 4. Lifestyle Segmentation Strategy: Glaxo U. S. could create an emotional appeal for Amerge by merging the facts about its efficacy, side effects and dosage with the feelings of patients. Prospective consumers seek treatment for their migraines not only to abate the pain, but also to be able to continue productivity in their lives during a migraine episode. Therefore, Amerge’s proven efficacy, combined with low risk of side effects, low recurrence rate and ease of administration could be used to promote it as the migraine medicine that â€Å"let’s you get on with life†. Unlike the pricing strategy, this course of action would emphasize the product benefits and thus would be more beneficial to Glaxo’s image. But similarly to the replacement and competition positioning strategies, it weakens Imitrex’s position in the marketplace. 5. Benefit-based Portfolio Strategy: Glaxo U. S. can present both migraine medicines as a portfolio of solutions to migraine pain. Amerge could be positioned as the â€Å"milder† new-generation triptan, and Imitrex could be repositioned as the â€Å"strongest and fastest† triptan with proven efficacy to treat acute pain. This positioning strategy would allow Glaxo U. S. to continue to reap the benefits from the marketing initiatives already invested in Imitrex, while utilizing its current standing as the market leader as a platform from which to launch Amerge. Possible drawbacks to this strategy include cannibalization of Imitrex sales as well as confusion in the minds of physicians and consumers as to which drug would be the best option for a patient. Recommendations Given the considerable expenditure in RD and marketing of pharmaceuticals, we recommend that Glaxo U. S. choose the benefit-based portfolio strategy. We feel strongly that Glaxo U. S. should not abandon the efforts placed in the marketing of Imitrex, but rather leverage its current market position to support the launch of Amerge. We believe this strategy could effectively combat competitors’ efforts to enter the marketplace. The company can utilize DTC advertising to send a clear message of the benefits each drug offers to patients. Nevertheless, it is imperative that Glaxo U. S. also invest resources in conveying the right message to physicians and negotiating placement of both drugs on the formularies of managed care plans; otherwise the likelihood of switching to a different brand or forgoing treatment altogether increase significantly. With a portfolio strategy and clear differentiation among the products, Glaxo U. S. is better armed to capture the 90% of migraine sufferers that were not being medicated with a triptan as of 1997. Conclusion Although Glaxo Wellcome is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world it has many opportunities for growth and development. One of these opportunities is with the migraine medicines known as triptans. Although Glaxo already has one triptan on the market, there are still many migraine sufferers that are not being treated. With the benefit-based portfolio strategy Glaxo can market its second-generation triptan, Amerge to the millions of migraine sufferers. How to cite Glaxo Wellcome Mini Case, Papers

Present Day Of Middle School Essay Example For Students

Present Day Of Middle School Essay Present Day (2015)â€Å"You know what would be funny? If we get really close this year, and then move away for college to never see each other.† â€Å"Aw, come on, man,† he said making a sad, scrunched up face. I felt kinda bad after saying that, I didn’t think it was really funny, I only said that because in reality, after our senior year, friendships are going to go to shit. 5 Years Earlier (2010)Yikes. The first day of middle school. I can not wait to meet new people and make new memories. I step on to the campus of the middle school and learn where my home room class is. As I enter my homeroom I see my best friend, Julia. Thank God there is someone I can talk to and not sit awkwardly alone. The bell rings, telling all the students first period, homeroom, is starting. My teacher is an older fellow with glasses, on the shorter side, and going bald. He pulls up a seating chart for the class that is heading in, and I part from Julia to go to my seat, which is in alphabetical order by last name. I ended up in the second column but first row, so I was near the door, but close enough to the teacher when he would be teaching. Since Julia and I were one of the first people in our classroom we were able to watch everyone that entered one by one. In with the crowd of kids, there is this boy who is wearing a Beatles shirt. It is black and only had the members faces on it, all in different colors. I funnily have the exact same shirt because I am such a tomboy and LOVE the Beatles. They were the only thing I listened to for 3 years in a row.â€Å"Nice shirt,† I said to the very cute blond curly haired boy. He didn’t say anything, just smiled at me then took his seat. Our teacher was giving us the rundown on the school and rules in his class and such. .h class because of the impact he has made on my life. All he had to say is that he is happy he could help me in one way. Every other day, I meet Jeremy after my 4th period class. He is headed home and I to my next class. We have brief conversation yet it is the highlight of my day. Today, he high fived me, wearing the flannel he wore the other night. My friend sent me a text in my next class. She wrote that her parents are out of town this weekend, and that I should invite Jeremy. Now sorry to spoil it for you, I may not know what the future holds, but there is not going to be any sex, drugs or rock and roll in this story. Well maybe a bit of rock n roll. I immediately send a text to Jeremy, and he is totally willing to spend the night with me. Who knows what the night will consist of, will something further our relationship, or will our friendship become stronger?